Professor Paola Borri

Professor, Coordinator of the European Marie Curie ETN consortium MUSIQ

: borrip@cardiff.ac.uk
: +44 (0)29 2087 9356
Fax:: +44 (0)29 2087 4116
: Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX

: Available for postgraduate supervision

Research activities in my group cover the area of biophotonics at the interface between life and physical sciences. In collaboration with the School of Physics and Astronomy, my research work includes:

development of next generation laser-scanning multiphoton microscopes based on Coherent Raman Scattering (CRS) for label-free studies on living cells and tissues
development of novel optical microscopy techniques for imaging and tracking single nanoparticles background free inside cells
development of optical biosensors for sensitive detection of biomolecules using plasmonics sensing with metallic nanoparticles or photonic cavities
time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) as a probe of biomolecular interactions

News

See our research highlights recently published:

RSC Nanoscale titled Four-wave-mixing microscopy reveals non-colocalisation between gold nanoparticles and fluorophore conjugates inside cells
ACS Photonics titled Quantitative measurement of the optical cross-sections of single nano-objects by correlative transmission and scattering micro-spectroscopy
Analytical Chemistry titled Label-free volumetric quantitative imaging of the human somatic cell division by hyperspectral coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering.
Phys Rev X titled Background-free 3D nanometric localization and sub-nm asymmetry detection of single plasmonic nanoparticles by four-wave mixing interferometry with optical vortices.

Interested in joining my lab as a self-funded post-graduate student or a postdoc/fellow? Please contact me by email.

I did my undergraduate in Physics at the University of Florence (Italy) and then received the Laurea (MSc equivalent) summa cum laude and the Ph.D degree in Physics in 1993 and 1997 respectively. From 1997 to 1999 I was Assistant Research Professor at the Technical University of Denmark (Kgs.Lyngby, Denmark).

From 1999 to 2004 I worked as Senior Scientist and EU Marie Curie Fellow (2001-2003) at the Physics Department of Dortmund University in Germany where I received the Habilitation degree in Physics (Venia Legendi) in 2003. During this time I was interested in the experimental investigation of the optical properties of novel semiconductor nanostructures, such as quantum wells and quantum dots. In particular, I developed a new technique for the ultra-fast coherent laser spectroscopy of these nanostructures.

From September 2004 I moved to Cardiff University as Senior Lecturer. On August 1st 2007 I was promoted to Reader and on August 1st 2011 to a Personal Chair.

Honours and awards

In 2015 I received the Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. Jointly funded by the Wolfson Foundation and the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS), the scheme aims to provide universities with additional support to enable them to attract science talent from overseas and retain respected UK scientists of outstanding achievement and potential.

I received the Marie Curie Excellence Award from the European Commission during the official award ceremony at the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne on the 16th November 2006.

Marie Curie Excellence Awards (EXA) aim to give public recognition to outstanding past achievements of scientists who have reached a level of exceptional excellence in their given field. Up to five prizes of 50 000 Euros each are awarded every year.

Professional memberships

In 2010-2015 I was an EPSRC Leadership Fellow.

Since 2014 I am Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales.

2020

Giannakopoulou, N.et al. 2020. Four-wave-mixing microscopy reveals non-colocalisation between gold nanoparticles and fluorophore conjugates inside cells. Nanoscale (10.1039/C9NR08512B)

2019

Regan, D.et al. 2019. Lipid Bilayer thickness measured by quantitative DIC reveals phase transitions and effects of substrate hydrophilicity. Langmuir 35(43), pp. 13805-13814. (10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02538)
Zilli, A., Langbein, W. and Borri, P. 2019. Quantitative measurement of the optical cross-sections of single nano-objects by correlative transmission and scattering micro-spectroscopy. ACS Photonics 6(8), pp. 2149-2160. (10.1021/acsphotonics.9b00727)
Bradley, J.et al. 2019. Dynamic label-free imaging of lipid droplets and their link to fatty acid and pyruvate oxidation in mouse eggs. Journal of Cell Science 132(13), article number: jcs228999. (10.1242/jcs.228999)
Borri, P.et al. 2019. Imaging and tracking single plasmonic nanoparticles in 3D background-free with four-wave mixing interferometry. Presented at: SPIE BIOS, San Francisco, CA, USA, 2-7 February 2019Proceedings Volume 10894, Plasmonics in Biology and Medicine XVI, Vol. 108940. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) pp. 34., (10.1117/12.2507618)
Payne, L.et al. 2019. Quantitative high-throughput optical sizing of individual colloidal nanoparticles by wide-field imaging extinction microscopy. Presented at: SPIE BIOS, San Francisco, CA, USA, 2-7 February 2019Proceedings Volume 10892, Colloidal Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications XIV, Vol. 108920. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) pp. 17., (10.1117/12.2507632)
Boorman, D.et al. 2019. Optimisation of multimodal coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy for the detection of isotope-labelled molecules. Presented at: SPIE BIOS, San Francisco, CA, USA, 2-7 February 2019Proceedings Volume 10890, Label-free Biomedical Imaging and Sensing (LBIS) 2019, Vol. 108900. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) pp. 4., (10.1117/12.2509280)
Langbein, W.et al. 2019. Heterodyne dual-polarization epi-detected CARS microscopy for chemical and topographic imaging of interfaces. Presented at: SPIE BIOS, San Francisco, California, US, 2-7 Feb 2019Label-free Biomedical Imaging and Sensing (LBIS) 2019, Vol. 10890. Bellingham, Washington: Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE), (10.1117/12.2507636)
Regan, D.et al. 2019. Measuring sub-nanometre thickness changes during phase transitions of supported lipid bilayers with quantitative differential interference contrast microscopy. Presented at: SPIE BIOS, San Francisco, California, US, 2-7 Feb 2019Quantitative Phase Imaging V, Vol. 10887. Proceedings of SPIE Bellingham, Washington: SPIE, (10.1117/12.2510461)
Borri, P.et al. 2019. Imaging lipids in living mammalian oocytes and early embryos by coherent Raman scattering microscopy. Presented at: SPIE BIOS, San Francisco, CA, USA, 2-7 February 2019Proceedings Volume 10890, Label-free Biomedical Imaging and Sensing (LBIS) 2019, Vol. 108900. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) pp. 3., (10.1117/12.2506248)
Karuna, A.et al. 2019. Label-free volumetric quantitative imaging of human osteosarcoma cells by hyperspectral coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering. Presented at: SPIE BIOS, San Francisco, California, US, 2-7 Feb 2019Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences XIX, Vol. 10882. Proceedings of SPIE Bellingham, Washington: SPIE pp. 108821P., (10.1117/12.2510277)
Karuna, A.et al. 2019. Label-free volumetric quantitative imaging of the human somatic cell division by hyperspectral coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering. Analytical Chemistry 91(4), pp. 2813-2821. (10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04706)

2014

Pope, I.et al. 2014. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy of single nanodiamonds. Nature Nanotechnology 9(11), pp. 940-946. (10.1038/nnano.2014.210)
Di Napoli, C.et al. 2014. Hyperspectral and differential CARS microscopy for quantitative chemical imaging in human adipocytes. Biomedical Optics Express 5(5), pp. 1378-1390. (10.1364/BOE.5.001378)
Masia, F., Borri, P. and Langbein, W. W. 2014. Sparse sampling for fast hyperspectral coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering imaging. Optics Express 22(4), pp. 4021-4028. (10.1364/OE.22.004021)
Di Napoli, C.et al. 2014. Chemically-specific dual/differential CARS micro-spectroscopy of saturated and unsaturated lipid droplets. Journal of Biophotonics 7(1-2), pp. 68-76. (10.1002/jbio.201200197)
Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 2014. Resonant nonlinear optical microscopy. Presented at: International School of Physics 'Enrico Fermi', Varenna, Italy, 12-22 July 2011 Presented at Pavone, F. S., So, P. T. C. and French, P. M. W. eds.Microscopy Applied to biophotonics: Proceedings of the International School of Physics 'Enrico Fermi', Course 181. Proceedings of the International School of Physics 'Enrico Fermi' Vol. 181. Amsterdam: IOS Press; Ohmsha; 1999 pp. 141-173., (10.3254/978-1-61499-413-8-141)

2013

Stephens, P.et al. 2013. Nondestructive imaging of stem cells and their differentiated progeny. Wound Repair and Regeneration 21(6), pp. A84-A84.
Zumbusch, A., Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 2013. Nonlinear vibrational microscopy applied to lipid biology. Progress in Lipid Research 52(4), pp. 615-632. (10.1016/j.plipres.2013.07.003)
McPhee, C.et al. 2013. Measuring the lamellarity of giant lipid vesicles with differential interference contrast microscopy. Biophysical Journal 105(6), pp. 1414-1420. (10.1016/j.bpj.2013.07.048)
Li, B., Borri, P. and Langbein, W. W. 2013. Dual/differential coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering module for multiphoton microscopes with a femtosecond Ti:sapphire oscillator. Journal of Biomedical Optics 18(6), article number: 66004. (10.1117/1.JBO.18.6.066004)
Payne, L. M., Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 2013. Polarization-resolved extinction and scattering cross-sections of individual gold nanoparticles measured by wide-field microscopy on a large ensemble. Applied Physics Letters 102(13), article number: 131107. (10.1063/1.4800564)
Pope, I.et al. 2013. Simultaneous hyperspectral differential-CARS, TPF and SHG microscopy with a single 5 fs Ti:Sa laser. Optics Express 21(6), pp. 7096-7106. (10.1364/OE.21.007096)
Rocha-Mendoza, I., Borri, P. and Langbein, W. W. 2013. Quadruplex CARS micro-spectroscopy. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 44(2), pp. 255-261. (10.1002/jrs.4181)
Masia, F., Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 2013. Polarization-resolved ultrafast dynamics of the complex polarizability in single gold nanoparticles. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 15(12), pp. 4226-4232. (10.1039/C2CP43451B)
Wagner, H. P.et al. 2013. Effects of uniaxial pressure on polar whispering gallery modes in microspheres. Journal of Applied Physics 113(24), article number: 243101. (10.1063/1.4811447)
Masia, F.et al. 2013. Quantitative chemical imaging and unsupervised analysis using hyperspectral coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy. Analytical Chemistry 85(22), pp. 10820-10828. (10.1021/ac402303g)

2012

Masia, F.et al. 2012. Masia et al. reply. Physical Review Letters 109(22), article number: 229702. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.229702)
Accanto, N.et al. 2012. Engineering the spin-flip limited exciton dephasing in colloidal CdSe/CdS quantum dots. Acs Nano 6(6), pp. 5227-5233. (10.1021/nn300992a)
Masia, F.et al. 2012. Spin-flip limited exciton dephasing in CdSe/ZnS colloidal quantum dots. Physical Review Letters 108(8), article number: 87401. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.087401)
Pope, I.et al. 2012. Live cell imaging with chemical specificity using dual frequency CARS microscopy. In: Conn, P. M. ed. Imaging and Spectroscopic Analysis of Living Cells — Optical and Spectroscopic Techniques. Methods in Enzymology Vol. 504. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 273-291., (10.1016/B978-0-12-391857-4.00014-8)
Omari, A.et al. 2012. Role of interband and photoinduced absorption in the nonlinear refraction and absorption of resonantly excited PbS quantum dots around 1550 nm. Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics 85(11), pp. 115318-115328. (10.1103/PhysRevB.85.115318)
Masia, F., Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 2012. Measurement of the dynamics of plasmons inside individual gold nanoparticles using a femtosecond phase-resolved microscope. Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics 85(23), pp. 235403-235413. (10.1103/PhysRevB.85.235403)

2011

Masia, F.et al. 2011. Ultrafast exciton dephasing in PbS colloidal quantum dots. Presented at: Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO EUROPE/EQEC), 2011 Conference on and 12th European Quantum Electronics Conference, Munich, Germany, 22-26 May 2011 Presented at Masia, F. et al. eds.2011 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe and 12th European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO EUROPE/EQEC 2011). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ( IEEE ) pp. 1., (10.1109/CLEOE.2011.5943583)
Borri, P. 2011. Differential CARS microscopy with chirped femtosecond laser pulses. Presented at: Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO EUROPE/EQEC), 2011 Conference on and 12th European Quantum Electronics Conference, Munich, Germany, 22-26 May 2011 Presented at Borri, P. ed.2011 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe and 12th European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO EUROPE/EQEC 2011). pp. 1., (10.1109/CLEOE.2011.5943287)
Masia, F.et al. 2011. Exciton dephasing in lead sulfide quantum dots by X-point phonons. Physical Review B 83(20), article number: 201309. (10.1103/PhysRevB.83.201309)
Langbein, W. W.et al. 2011. Differential CARS microscopy with linearly chirped femtosecond laser pulses. Presented at: Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences XI, San Francisco, CA, USA, 23-25 January 2011 Presented at Periasamy, A., König, K. and So, P. T. C. eds.Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences XI, Vol. 7903. SPIE Proceedings SPIE pp. 79031I., (10.1117/12.873872)
Masia, F.et al. 2011. Triply surface-plasmon resonant four-wave mixing imaging of gold nanoparticles. Presented at: Plasmonics in Biology and Medicine VIII, San Francisco, CA, USA, 23-24 January 2011 Presented at Vo-Dinh, T. and Lakowicz, J. R. eds.Plasmonics in Biology and Medicine VIII, Vol. 7911. Proceedings of SPIE S P I E - International Society for Optical Engineering pp. 79110Y., (10.1117/12.873883)
Borri, P. and Langbein, W. W. 2011. Ultrafast conditional carrier dynamics in semiconductor quantum dots. Presented at: Ultrafast Phenomena in Semiconductors and Nanostructure Materials XV, San Francisco, CA, USA, 23-26 January 2011 Presented at Tsen, K. et al. eds.Ultrafast Phenomena in Semiconductors and Nanostructure Materials XV, Vol. 7937. Proceedings of SPIE SPIE pp. 793704., (10.1117/12.873835)
Perrins, R. D.et al. 2011. Doing more with less: a method for low total mass, affinity measurement using variable-length nanotethers. Analytical Chemistry 83(23), pp. 8900-8905. (10.1021/ac2012569)
Pope, I.et al. 2011. CARS imaging for high throughput microscopy. Biotech International 23(Apr/Ma), pp. 11-13.

2010

Langbein, W. W.et al. 2010. Ultrafast gain dynamics in InP quantum-dot optical amplifiers. Applied Physics Letters 97(21), article number: 211103. (10.1063/1.3518715)
Cesari, V., Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 2010. Dephasing of excitons and multiexcitons in undoped and p-doped InAs/GaAs quantum dots-in-a-well. Physical Review B 82(19), article number: 195314. (10.1103/PhysRevB.82.195314)
Masia, F.et al. 2010. Four-wave-mixing imaging and carrier dynamics of PbS colloidal quantum dots. Physical Review B 82(15), article number: 155302. (10.1103/PhysRevB.82.155302)
Borri, P., Cesari, V. and Langbein, W. W. 2010. Measurement of the ultrafast gain recovery in InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots: beyond a mean-field description. Physical Review B 82(11), article number: 115326. (10.1103/PhysRevB.82.115326)
Masia, F.et al. 2010. Four-wave mixing imaging to study protein entry and release in mammalian cells [Abstract]. Drug Discovery Today 15(23-24), pp. 1089. (10.1016/j.drudis.2010.09.377)

2009

Langbein, W. W., Watson, P. D. and Borri, P. 2009. Four-wave mixing of gold nanoparticles for three-dimensional cell microscopy. Presented at: Lasers and Electro-Optics 2009 and the European Quantum Electronics Conference. CLEO Europe - EQEC 2009. European Conference on, Munich, Germany, 14-19 June 2009 Presented at Masia, F. et al. eds.2009 Conference on Lasers & Electro-Optics Europe & 11th European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO EUROPE/EQEC 2009). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ( IEEE ), (10.1109/CLEOE-EQEC.2009.5191714)
Borri, P.et al. 2009. Ultrafast pulse-pair amplification in InGaAs quantum-dot amplifiers. Presented at: Lasers and Electro-Optics 2009 and the European Quantum Electronics Conference. CLEO Europe - EQEC 2009. European Conference on, Munich, Germany, 14-19 June 2009 Presented at Borri, P. et al. eds. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ( IEEE ) pp. 1., (10.1109/CLEOE-EQEC.2009.5192634)
Langbein, W., Rocha-Mendoza, I. and Borri, P. 2009. CARS Microscopy using linearly-chirped ultrafast laser pulses. Presented at: Lasers and Electro-Optics 2009 and the European Quantum Electronics Conference. CLEO Europe - EQEC 2009. European Conference on, Munich, Germany, 14-19 June 2009 Presented at Langbein, W. W., Rocha-Mendoza, I. and Borri, P. eds. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ( IEEE ) pp. 1., (10.1109/CLEOE-EQEC.2009.5194775)
Kasry, A.et al. 2009. Comparison of methods for generating planar DNA-modified surfaces for hybridization studies. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 1(8), pp. 1793-1798. (10.1021/am9003073)
Masia, F.et al. 2009. Resonant four-wave mixing of gold nanoparticles for three-dimensional cell microscopy. Optics Letters 34(12), pp. 1816-1818. (10.1364/OL.34.001816)
Masia, F., Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 2009. Novel multi-photon microscopy based on resonant nonlinear optics of colloidal quantum dots. Physica Status Solidi. C 6(4), pp. 916-919. (10.1002/pssc.200880667)
Cesari, V., Langbein, W. and Borri, P. 2009. The role of p-doping in the gain dynamics of InAs/GaAs quantum dots at low temperature. Applied Physics Letters 94(4), article number: 41110. (10.1063/1.3075855)
Borri, P.et al. 2009. Gain dynamics in p-doped InGaAs quantum dot amplifiers from room to cryogenic temperatures. Presented at: Physics and simulation of optoelectronic devices XVII, San Jose, CA, USA, 26-29 January 2009 Presented at Osiński, M. et al. eds.Physics and simulation of optoelectronic devices XVII: 26 January 2009, San Jose, CA, USA. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 7211. Bellingham, WA: SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering pp. 72110Z., (10.1117/12.808206)
Masia, F., Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 2009. Multi-photon microscopy based on resonant four-wave mixing of colloidal quantum dots. Presented at: Colloidal quantum dots for biomedical applications IV, San Jose, CA, USA, 24 January 2009 Presented at Osinski, M., Jovin, T. M. and Yamamoto, K. eds.Colloidal Quantum Dots for Biomedical Applications IV: Saturday 24 January 2009, San Jose, CA, USA. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 7189-3. Bellingham, WA: SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering pp. 71890Z., (10.1117/12.807968)
Rocha-Mendoza, I., Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 2009. CARS microscopy using linearly chirped ultrafast laser pulses. Presented at: Multiphoton microscopy in the biomedical sciences IX, San Jose, CA, USA, 25-27 January 2009 Presented at Periasamy, A. and So, P. T. C. eds.Proceedings of the Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences IX conference, San Jose, USA, 25 January 2009, Vol. 7183. Proceedings of the SPIE Bellingham, WA: SPIE pp. 71830T., (10.1117/12.809411)
Langbein, W. W.et al. 2009. Modelling the response of whispering-gallery-mode optical resonators for biosensing applications. Presented at: Nanoscale imaging, sensing, and actuation for biomedical applications 6, San Jose, CA, USA, 27-28 January 2009 Presented at Cartwright, A. N. and Nicolau, D. V. eds.Proceedings of the Nanoscale Imaging, Sensing, and Actuation for Biomedical Applications VI conference, San Jose, USA, 27 January 2009. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 7188. Bellingham, WA: SPIE pp. 71880G., (10.1117/12.808790)
Borri, P., Lutti, J. and Langbein, W. 2009. Whispering-gallery modes in dielectric microspheres for biosensing applications. Presented at: nternational Conference on Transparent Optical Networks, Sao Miguel Azores, Portugal, 28 June-2 July 2009ICTON 2009 11th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks: Ponta Delgada University, S. Miguel, Azores, Portugal, 28th June-2nd July 2009. New York: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers pp. 1-3., (10.1109/ICTON.2009.5185193)
Langbein, W. W.et al. 2009. Modelling the response of whispering-gallery-mode optical resonators for biosensing applications. Presented at: International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON), São Miguel, Azores, Portugal, 28 June - 2 July 2009Proceedings of the11th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON '09), Azores, 28 June - 2 July 2009. Piscataway, NJ: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers pp. 1., (10.1109/ICTON.2009.5185173)
Langbein, W. W., Rocha-Mendoza, I. and Borri, P. 2009. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman micro-spectroscopy using spectral focusing: theory and experiment. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 40(7), pp. 800-808. (10.1002/jrs.2264)
Lumb, M. P.et al. 2009. Ultrafast absorption recovery dynamics of 1300 nm quantum dot saturable absorber mirrors. Applied Physics Letters 95(4) (10.1063/1.3186081)
Langbein, W. W., Rocha-Mendoza, I. and Borri, P. 2009. Single source coherent anti-Stokes Raman microspectroscopy using spectral focusing. Applied Physics Letters 95(8), article number: 81109. (10.1063/1.3216073)
Cesari, V.et al. 2009. Refractive index dynamics and linewidth enhancement factor in p-Doped InAs-GaAs quantum-dot amplifiers. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 45(6), pp. 579-585. (10.1109/JQE.2009.2013110)
Sun, Y.et al. 2009. Fabrication and optical properties of thin silica-coated CdSe/ZnS quantum dots. Physica Status Solidi a Applications and Materials Science 206(12), pp. 2822-2825. (10.1002/pssa.200925250)
Rocha-Mendoza, I.et al. 2009. Differential coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy with linearly chirped femtosecond laser pulses. Optics Letters 34(15), pp. 2258-2260. (10.1364/OL.34.002258)

2008

Rocha-Mendoza, I., Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 2008. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman microspectroscopy using spectral focusing with glass dispersion. Applied Physics Letters 93(20), article number: 201103. (10.1063/1.3028346)
Lutti, J., Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 2008. A monolithic optical sensor based on whispering-gallery modes in polystyrene microspheres. Applied Physics Letters 93(15), article number: 151103. (10.1063/1.2998652)
Masia, F., Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 2008. Multiphoton microscopy based on four-wave mixing of colloidal quantum dots. Applied Physics Letters 93(2), article number: 21114. (10.1063/1.2959737)
Borri, P. and Langbein, W. W. 2008. Transient four-wave mixing of excitons in quantum dots from ensembles and individuals. In: Benson, O. and Henneberger, F. eds. Semiconductor Quantum Bits. Singapore: Pan Stanford Publishing, pp. 269-319.
Chantada, L.et al. 2008. Optical resonances in microcylinders: Response to perturbations for biosensing. Journal of the Optical Society of America B 25(8), pp. 1312-1321. (10.1364/JOSAB.25.001312)
Dale, T. C., Harwood, A. J. and Borri, P. 2008. Method of measuring the affinity of biomolecules. EP1949104A2 [Patent].

2007

Lutti, J., Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 2007. High Q optical resonances of polystyrene microspheres in water controlled by optical tweezers. Applied Physics Letters 91(14), article number: 141116. (10.1063/1.2795332)
Borri, P. and Langbein, W. W. 2007. Four-wave mixing dynamics of excitons in InGaAs self-assembled quantum dots. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 19(29), article number: 295201. (10.1088/0953-8984/19/29/295201)
Cesari, V.et al. 2007. Ultrafast gain dynamics in 1.3um InAs/GaAs quantum-dot optical amplifiers: The effect of p doping. Applied Physics Letters 90(20), article number: 201103. (10.1063/1.2739079)
Cesari, V.et al. 2007. Ultrafast carrier dynamics in p-doped InAs/GaAs quantum-dot amplifiers. IET Optoelectronics 1(6), pp. 298-302. (10.1049/iet-opt:20070040)

2006

Borri, P.et al. 2006. Dephasing of excited-state excitons in InGaAs quantum dots. physica status solidi (b) 243(15), pp. 3890-3894. (10.1002/pssb.200671516)
Borri, P.et al. 2006. Ultrafast carrier dynamics in InGaAs quantum dot materials and devices. Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics 8(4), pp. S33. (10.1088/1464-4258/8/4/S03)

2005

Schneider, S.et al. 2005. Excited-state gain dynamics in InGaAs quantum-dot amplifiers. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 17(10), pp. 2014-2016. (10.1109/LPT.2005.856446)
Axt, V. M.et al. 2005. Observation of an unusual temperature dependence of the initial decoherence time in quantum dots. Physica Status Solidi C: Current Topics in Solid State Physics 2(8), pp. 3167-3170. (10.1002/pssc.200460779)
Borri, P.et al. 2005. Exciton dephasing via phonon interactions in InAs quantum dots: dependence on quantum confinement. Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics 71(11), article number: 115328. (10.1103/PhysRevB.71.115328)
Langbein, W. W.et al. 2005. Coherent dynamics in InGaAs quantum dots and quantum dot molecules. Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 26(1-4), pp. 400-407. (10.1016/j.physe.2004.08.004)
Schneider, S.et al. 2005. Ultrafast gain recovery dynamics of the excited state in InGaAs quantum dot amplifiers. Presented at: Conference on Lasers & Electro-Optics (CLEO), Baltimore, MD, 22-27 May 20052005 Conference on Lasers & Electro-Optics (CLEO) : May 22-27, 2005, Baltimore, MD, Vol. 3. Washington, DC: IEEE pp. 1674-1676., (10.1109/CLEO.2005.202237)

2004

Vagov, A.et al. 2004. Nonmonotonous temperature dependence of the initial decoherence in quantum dots. Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics 70(20), article number: 201305(R). (10.1103/PhysRevB.70.201305)
Ortner, G.et al. 2004. Exciton states in self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dot molecules. Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 25(2-3), pp. 249-260. (10.1016/j.physe.2004.06.024)
Schneider, S.et al. 2004. Linewidth enhancement factor in InGaAs quantum-dot amplifiers. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 40(10), pp. 1423-1429. (10.1109/JQE.2004.834779)
Langbein, W. W.et al. 2004. Radiatively limited dephasing in InAs quantum dots. Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics 70(3), article number: 33301. (10.1103/PhysRevB.70.033301)
Langbein, W. W., Borri, P. and Woggon, U. 2004. Control of fine-structure splitting and biexciton binding in In_{x}Ga_{1-x}As quantum dots by annealing. Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics 69(16), article number: 161301(R). (10.1103/PhysRevB.69.161301)
Bayer, M.et al. 2004. Quantum dots: building blocks of quantum devices?. In: Kramer, B. ed. Advances in Solid State Physics., Vol. 44. Berlin: Springer, pp. 191-211., (10.1007/978-3-540-39970-4_16)
Ivanova, A.et al. 2004. Radiative corrections to the excitonic molecule state in GaAs microcavities. Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics 69(7), article number: 75312. (10.1103/PhysRevB.69.075312)
Borri, P.et al. 2004. Dephasing processes in InGaAs quantum dots and quantum-dot molecules. Presented at: Quantum Dots, Nanoparticles, and Nanoclusters, San Jose, CA, 26-27 January 2004 Presented at Huffaker, D. L. and Bhattacharya, P. eds.Quantum Dots, Nanoparticles, and Nanoclusters: 26-27 January, 2004, San Jose, California, USA. SPIE proceedings series Vol. 5361. Bellingham, WA: SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering pp. 96-107., (10.1117/12.531544)

2003

Borri, P.et al. 2003. Exciton dephasing in quantum dot molecules. Physical Review Letters (PRL) 91(26), article number: 267401. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.267401)
Borri, P.et al. 2003. Biexcitons in semiconductor microcavities. Semiconductor Science and Technology 18(10), pp. S351-S360. (10.1088/0268-1242/18/10/309)
Schneider, S.et al. 2003. Self-induced transparency in InGaAs quantum-dot waveguides. Applied Physics Letters 83(18), pp. 3668-3670. (10.1063/1.1624492)
Borri, P.et al. 2003. Dephasing of biexcitons in InGaAs quantum dots. physica status solidi (b) 238(3), pp. 593-600. (10.1002/pssb.200303177)
Borri, P.et al. 2003. Temperature dependence homogeneous broadening and gain recovery dynamics in InGaAs quantum dots. Presented at: 10th International Symposium on Nanostructures: Physics and Technology, St. Petersburg, Russia, 17-21 June 2002 Presented at Alferov, Z. I. and Esaki, R. eds.10th International Symposium on Nanostructures: Physics and Technology. (Proceedings of SPIE). SPIE Proceedings Series Vol. 5023. Bellingham, WA: SPIE, pp. 334-339., (10.1117/12.514297)
Borri, P. and Langbein, W. W. 2003. Dephasing processes and carrier dynamics in (In,Ga)As quantum dots. In: Michler, P. ed. Single Quantum Dots: Fundamentals, Applications, and New Concepts. Topics in Applied Physics Vol. 90. Berlin: Springer, pp. 237-268., (10.1007/978-3-540-39180-7_6)

2002

Borri, P.et al. 2002. Relaxation and dephasing of multiexcitons in semiconductor quantum dots. Physical Review Letters (PRL) 89(18), article number: 187401. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.187401)
Borri, P.et al. 2002. Exciton relaxation and dephasing in quantum-dot amplifiers from room to cryogenic temperature. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 8(5), pp. 984-991. (10.1109/JSTQE.2002.804250)
Borri, P.et al. 2002. Rabi oscillations in the excitonic ground-state transition of InGaAs quantum dots. Physical Review B 66(8), article number: 081306(R). (10.1103/PhysRevB.66.081306)
Hvam, J. M.et al. 2002. Semiconductor quantum-dot lasers and amplifiers. Presented at: Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Amplifiers for Lightwave Communication Systems, Boston, MA, 29-30 July 2002 Presented at Mirin, R. P. and Menoni, C. S. eds.Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Amplifiers for Lightwave Communication Systems.. SPIE Proceedings Series Vol. 4871. Bellingham, WA: SPIE pp. 130-140., (10.1117/12.457282)
Borri, P.et al. 2002. Temperature-dependent time-resolved four-wave mixing in InGaAs quantum dots. physica status solidi (a) 190(2), pp. 517-521. (10.1002/1521-396X(200204)190:2<517::AID-PSSA517>3.0.CO;2-K)
Borri, P.et al. 2002. Coherent dynamics of biexcitons in a semiconductor microcavity. physica status solidi (a) 190(2), pp. 383 -387. (10.1002/1521-396X(200204)190:2<383::AID-PSSA383>3.0.CO;2-G)
Borri, P.et al. 2002. Coherent light-matter interaction in InGaAs quantum dots: Dephasing time and optical Rabi oscillations. physica status solidi (b) 233(3), pp. 391-400. (10.1002/1521-3951(200210)233:3<391::AID-PSSB391>3.0.CO;2-J)

2001

Borri, P.et al. 2001. Ultrafast carrier dynamics and dephasing in InAs quantum-dot amplifiers emitting near 1.3-μm-wavelength at room temperature. Applied Physics Letters 79(16), pp. 2633-2635. (10.1063/1.1411986)
Borri, P.et al. 2001. Ultralong Dephasing Time in InGaAs Quantum Dots. Physical Review Letters (PRL) 87(15), article number: 157401. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.157401)
Fiore, A.et al. 2001. Structural and electrooptical characteristics of quantum dots emitting at 1.3 μm on gallium arsenide. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 37(8), pp. 1050-1058. (10.1109/3.937394)
Hughes, S.et al. 2001. Ultrashort pulse-propagation effects in a semiconductor optical amplifier: microscopic theory and experiment. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 7(4), pp. 694-702. (10.1109/2944.974241)
Borri, P.et al. 2001. Coherent versus incoherent dynamics in InAs quantum-dot active wave guides. Journal of Applied Physics 89(11), pp. 6542-6544. (10.1063/1.1367410)
Borri, P.et al. 2001. Spectral hole-burning and carrier-heating dynamics in quantum-dot amplifiers: comparison with bulk amplifiers. Physica Status Solidi (b) 224(2), pp. 419-423. (10.1002/1521-3951(200103)224:2<419::AID-PSSB419>3.0.CO;2-J)
Borri, P.et al. 2001. Biexcitons or bipolaritons in a semiconductor microcavity?. Presented at: 25th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors, Osaka, Japan, 17-22 September 2000 Presented at Miura, N. and Ando, T. eds.Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors Part I. Springer Proceedings in Physics Vol. 87. Berlin: Springer pp. 681-682.
Hughes, S.et al. 2001. Ultrashort pulse compression in a semiconductor optical amplifier. Presented at: 4th Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, Chiba-shi, Japan, 15-19 July 2001Cleo/Pacific Rim 2001: The 4th Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, Chiba, Japan, 15-19 July, 2001, Vol. 2. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE pp. 500-501., (10.1109/CLEOPR.2001.971053)

2000

Romstad, F.et al. 2000. Measurement of pulse amplitude and phase distortion in a semiconductor optical amplifier: from pulse compression to breakup. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 12(12), pp. 1674-1676. (10.1109/68.896345)
Borri, P.et al. 2000. Temperature dependence of the polariton linewidth in a GaAs quantum well microcavity. Physica Status Solidi (b) 221(1), pp. 143-146. (10.1002/1521-3951(200009)221:1<143::AID-PSSB143>3.0.CO;2-5)
Borri, P.et al. 2000. Biexcitons or bipolaritons in a semiconductor microcavity. Physical Review B 62(12), pp. R7763-R7766. (10.1103/PhysRevB.62.R7763)
Borri, P.et al. 2000. Ultrafast gain dynamics in InAs-InGaAs quantum-dot amplifiers. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 12(6), pp. 594-596. (10.1109/68.849054)
Fiore, A.et al. 2000. Time-resolved optical characterization of InAs/InGaAs quantum dots emitting at 1.3 μm. Applied Physics Letters 76(23), pp. 3430-3432. (10.1063/1.126668)
Borri, P.et al. 2000. Direct evidence of reduced dynamic scattering in the lower polariton of a semiconductor microcavity. Physical Review B 61(20), pp. R13377-R13380. (10.1103/PhysRevB.61.R13377)
Jensen, J. R.et al. 2000. Ultranarrow polaritons in a semiconductor microcavity. Applied Physics Letters 76(22), pp. 3262-3264. (10.1063/1.126601)
Borri, P.et al. 2000. Time-resolved four-wave mixing in InAs/InGaAs quantum-dot amplifiers under electrical injection. Applied Physics Letters 76(11), pp. 1380-1382. (10.1063/1.126038)
Borri, P.et al. 2000. Room-temperature dephasing in InAs quantum dots. Physica Status Solidi (a) 178(1), pp. 337-340. (10.1002/1521-396X(200003)178:1<337::AID-PSSA337>3.0.CO;2-M)
Borri, P.et al. 2000. Separation of coherent and incoherent nonlinearities in a heterodyne pump-probe experiment. Optics Express 7(3), pp. 107-112. (10.1364/OE.7.000107)
Borri, P.et al. 2000. Spectral hole-burning and carrier-heating dynamics in InGaAs quantum-dot amplifiers. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 6(3), pp. 544-551. (10.1109/2944.865110)
Borri, P.et al. 2000. Microcavity polariton linewidths in the weak-disorder regime. Physical Review B 63(3), article number: 35307. (10.1103/PhysRevB.63.035307)
Borri, P.et al. 2000. Coherent versus incoherent dynamics in InAs quantum dots: the role of elastic dephasing. Presented at: 25th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors, Osaka, Japan, 17–22 September 2000 Presented at Miura, N. and Ando, T. eds.Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors: Osaka, Japan, September 17-22, 2000, Vol. 2. Springer Proceedings in Physics Vol. 87. Berlin: Springer pp. 1221-1222.

1999

Borri, P.et al. 1999. Excitation transfer through thick barriers in asymmetric double-quantum-well structures. Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 5(1-2), pp. 73-83. (10.1016/S1386-9477(99)00028-4)
Borri, P.et al. 1999. Heterodyne pump-probe and four-wave mixing in semiconductor optical amplifiers using balanced lock-in detection. Optics Communications 169(1-6), pp. 317-324. (10.1016/S0030-4018(99)00391-0)
Borri, P.et al. 1999. Dephasing in InAs/GaAs quantum dots. Physical Review B 60(11), pp. 7784 -7787. (10.1103/PhysRevB.60.7784)
Borri, P.et al. 1999. Binding energy and dephasing of biexcitons in In0.18Ga0.82As/GaAs single quantum wells. Physical Review B 60(7), pp. 4505-4508. (10.1103/PhysRevB.60.4505)
Borri, P.et al. 1999. Measurement and calculation of the critical pulsewidth for gain saturation in semiconductor optical amplifiers. Optics Communications 164(1-3), pp. 51-55. (10.1016/S0030-4018(99)00175-3)
Borri, P.et al. 1999. Well-width dependence of exciton-phonon scattering in InxGa1-xAs/GaAs single quantum wells. Physical Review B 59(3), pp. 2215-2222. (10.1103/PhysRevB.59.2215)
Hvam, J. M., Langbein, W. W. and Borri, P. 1999. Ultrafast dynamics of confined and localized excitons in low-dimensional semiconductors. Presented at: Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena in Semiconductors III, San Jose, CA, 27-29 January 1999 Presented at Tsen, K. F. ed.Ultrafast Phenomena in Semiconductors III: 27-29 January, 1999, San Jose, California. SPIE Proceedings Series Vol. 3624. Bellingham, WA: The International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE) pp. 40-48., (10.1117/12.349310)

1998

Borri, P., Langbein, W. W. and Hvam, J. M. 1998. Ultrafast spectroscopy of semiconductor devices. Presented at: 10th International Symposium on Ultrafast Phenomena in Semiconductors, Vilnius, Lithuania, August-September 1998 Presented at Asmontas, S. and Dargys, A. eds.Ultrafast phenomena in semiconductors : proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Ultrafast Phenomena in Semiconductors (10-UFPS), held in Vilnius, Lithuania, August/September 1998. Materials Science Forum Vol. 297-8. Zurich: Trans TechPublications pp. 67-71.
Langbein, W. W., Borri, P. and Hvam, J. M. 1998. Coherent exciton and biexciton nonlinearities in semiconductor nanostructures: effects of disorder. Presented at: 10th International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena in Semiconductors, Vilnius, Lithuania, August-September 1998 Presented at Steponas, A. and Dargys, A. eds.Ultrafast Phenomena in Semiconductors: Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Ultrafast Phenomena in Semiconductors (10-UFPS), held in Vilnius, Lithuania, August/September 1998. Materials Science Forum Vol. 297-8. Zurich: Trans Tech Publications pp. 73-78.
Gurioli, M.et al. 1998. Exciton formation and relaxation in GaAs epilayers. Physical Review B 58(20), pp. R13403-R13406. (10.1103/PhysRevB.58.R13403)

1997

Orani, D.et al. 1997. Binding energy and lifetime of excitons in InxGa1-xAs/GaAs quantum wells. Physica Status Solidi (a) 164(1), pp. 107-110. (10.1002/1521-396x(199711)164:1<107::aid-pssa107>3.0.co;2-8)
Borri, P.et al. 1997. Carrier transfer between InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells separated by thick barriers. Physica Status Solidi (a) 164(1), pp. 227-230. (10.1002/1521-396X(199711)164:1<227::AID-PSSA227>3.0.CO;2-X)
Borri, P.et al. 1997. Phonon-assisted modulation of the electron collection efficiency into InxGa1—xAs/GaAs quantum wells. Physica Status Solidi (b) 204(1), pp. 201-204. (10.1002/1521-3951(199711)204:1<201::aid-pssb201>3.0.co;2-u)
Borri, P.et al. 1997. Nonlinear response of localized excitons: effects of the excitation-induced dephasing. Physica Status Solidi (a) 164(1), pp. 61-65. (10.1002/1521-396X(199711)164:1<61::AID-PSSA61>3.0.CO;2-R)
Borri, P.et al. 1997. Competition effects in the carrier capture into InxGa1-xAs/GaAs double-quantum-well structures. Physical Review B 56(15), pp. 9228-9230. (10.1103/PhysRevB.56.9228)
Grassi Alessi, M.et al. 1997. Formation and relaxation of exciton-carbon acceptor complexes in GaAs. Physical Review B 56(7), pp. 3834-3837. (10.1103/PhysRevB.56.3834)
Borri, P.et al. 1997. Auger heating of carriers in GaAs / AlAs heterostructures. Solid State Communications 103(2), pp. 77-81. (10.1016/S0038-1098(97)00150-6)
Borri, P.et al. 1997. Non-linear carrier dynamics in a GaAS / AlAs heterostructure using time-correlated photoluminescence spectroscopy. Journal of Luminescence 72-74, pp. 316-317. (10.1016/S0022-2313(96)00169-X)
Chastaingt, B.et al. 1997. Controlled type-I-type-II transition in GaAs/AlAs/AlxGa1-xAs double-barrier quantum wells. Physical Review B 55(4), pp. 2393-2400. (10.1103/PhysRevB.55.2393)

1996

Borri, P.et al. 1996. Photoinduced structures in the exciton luminescence spectrum of InGaAs/GaAs quantum well heterostructures. Journal of Applied Physics 80(5), pp. 3011-3016. (10.1063/1.363160)
Martelli, F.et al. 1996. Exciton localization by potential fluctuations at the interface of InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells. Physical Review B 53(11), pp. 7421-7425. (10.1103/PhysRevB.53.7421)

1995

Borri, P.et al. 1995. Excitation energy dependence of the optical properties of InGaAs/GaAs quantum well heterostructures. Il Nuovo Cimento D 17(11-12), pp. 1383-1387. (10.1007/BF02457214)

Projects

Coherent Raman Scattering microscopy for label-free imaging of living cells and tissues

Optical microscopy is an indispensable tool for cell biology. Different microscopy methods are currently available and continuous effort is devoted to develop new techniques with improved sensitivity, selectivity and spatial resolution. An important issue in recent microscopy is the ability to perform non-invasive studies avoiding the need for fluorescent probes that are prone to photobleaching and can perturb the cell structure and function.

Together with Prof. Wolfgang Langbein in the School of Physics and Astronomy, we have developed a range of home-built laser-scanning multiphoton microscopes based on Coherent Raman Scattering (CRS), enabling rapid label-free chemically specific microscopy of living cells and tissues. A second-generation CRS microscope located in the School of Biosciences has been specifically built to perform multimodal correlative CRS, two -photon fluorescence (TPF) and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy for applications in cell biology. This system enables hyperspectral CRS acquisition which has led to the development of a quantitative image analysis tool to distinguish the composition of chemical components and retrieve their concentration and spatial distribution.

With these tools, we have determined the lipid uptake of fixed and living adipose derived human stem cells differentiating into pre-adipocytes, the lipid content and spatial distribution in live mammalian oocytes and early embryos, demonstrated a high-throughput high-content platform for drug screens, and quantitatively measured masses of lipids, proteins and DNA during cell division. We have also shown that CRS can be used to visualise single non-fluorescing nanodiamonds in cells for the first time (see Publications).

Resonant Four-Wave Mixing Imaging with gold nanoparticles

Imaging and tracking single nanoparticles using optical microscopy are powerful techniques with many applications in biology, chemistry, and material sciences. Applied methods to achieve contrast are dominantly fluorescence based, with fundamental limits in the emitted photon fluxes arising from the excited-state lifetime as well as photobleaching.

We have developed a new technique, based on four-wave mixing (FWM) interferometry, whereby single non-fluorescing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are imaged background-free even inside highly heterogeneous cellular environments, owing to their specific nonlinear plasmonic response, and their position is determined with nanometric precision in 3D. The technique is also uniquely sensitive to particle asymmetries of only 0.5% ellipticity, corresponding to a single atomic layer of gold, as well as particle orientation and chirality.

With this technique, we are investigating a number of AuNP-ligand-fluorophore conjugates and their integrity inside cells, using AuNPs as small as 5nm in radius and correlative FWM/confocal fluorescence imaging. The technique opens the prospect to an unprecedented level of understanding of the intracellular fate of single small AuNPs and their trafficking within complex 3D architectures inside living cells (see Publications).

Other research interests

Quantitative optical extinction microscopy of individual nano-objects
Ultrafast coherent dynamics of semiconductor quantum dot materials and devices
Optical biosensing by exploiting plasmonic resonances or photonic cavities
Time-resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (TR FRET) as probe of biomolecular interactions

Grants

BBSRC, EPSRC, MRC, EU, Ministry of Defence – Dstl, DTI

Group members

Iestyn Pope, Research Associate (School of Biosciences, Cardiff)
Francesco Masia, Research Fellow (School of Biosciences, Cardiff)
Yisu Wang, Research Associate (School of Biosciences, Cardiff)
Tual Monfort, Research Associate (School of Biosciences, Cardiff)
Barbara Santos Gomes, Research Associate (School of Biosciences, Cardiff)
Ryan Lewis PhD student (School of Biosciences, Cardiff)
Joseph Williams PhD student (School of Biosciences, Cardiff)
Samuel Hamilton, PhD student (School of Biosciences, Cardiff)
Dafydd Harlow, PhD Student (School of Biosciences, Cardiff)
Dale Boorman, PhD student (School of Biosciences, Cardiff)
David Regan, PhD Student (School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff)
Alexander Nahmad-Rohen, PhD Student (School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff)
Zoltan Sztranyovszky, PhD Student (School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff)
Rhod Thomas, PhD student (School of Biosciences, Cardiff)
Nadhia Monim, PhD student (School of Biosciences, Cardiff)
Nicole Slesiona, MUSIQ ESR Fellow and PhD Student (School of Biosciences, Cardiff)
Vikramdeep Singh, MUSIQ ESR Fellow and PhD Student (School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff)

Collaborators

Wolfgang Langbein (School of Physics and Astronomy)
Peter Watson (School of Biosciences)
Trevor Dale (School of Biosciences)
Arwyn Jones (School of Pharmacy)
Phil Stephens (School of Dentistry)
Karl Swann (School of Biosciences)
Oliver Williams (School of Physics and Astronomy)