Sefydliad Cymru er Ymchwil ar Economeg a Datblygu

Ymchwil

Ymchwil, Datblygu ac Arloesi

Arloesi yw sbardun sylfaenol twf economaidd, ond mae gan “fewnbynnau” arloesi, sef Ymchwil a Datblygu oblygiadau allanol oherwydd natur nwyddau cyhoeddus gwybodaeth. Rydyn ni’n ymchwilio i effeithiau goferu Ymchwil a Datblygu, effeithiau arloesi ar gynhyrchiant a’r goblygiadau o ran byd polisi.

• Ahamed, M. M., Luintel, K. B. a Mallick, S. K. 2023. Does local knowledge spillover matter for firm productivity? The role of financial access and corporate governance. Research Policy 52 (8), rhif yr erthygl: 104837. (10.1016/j.respol.2023.104837)
• Foreman-Peck, J. a Zhou, P. 2023. Specialisation precedes diversification: R&D productivity effects. Research Policy 52 (7), rhif yr erthygl: 104808. (10.1016/j.respol.2023.104808)
• Foreman-Peck, J. a Zhou, P. 2022. R&D subsidies and productivity in eastern European countries. Economic Systems 46 (2), rhif yr erthygl: 100978. (10.1016/j.ecosys.2022.100978)
• Luintel, K. B. a Khan, M. 2017. Ideas production and international knowledge spillovers: digging deeper into emerging countries. Research Policy 46(10), tt. 1738-1754. (10.1016/j.respol.2017.07.009)

Gweler hefyd: Effeithiolrwydd ac effeithlonrwydd polisïau arloesol BBaChau a Dr Peng Zhou – Arloesi

Datganoli Cyllidol

Bu tuedd mewn sawl gwlad i ddatganoli pwerau cyllidol i lywodraethau is-genedlaethol. Yng nghyd-destun datganoli trethi yng Nghymru, mae Foreman-Peck a Zhou yn datblygu dull anuniongyrchol o sefydlu effeithiau refeniw y terfyn isaf yn achos newidiadau posibl mewn trethi datganoledig drwy ganiatáu ar gyfer ymfudo a ysgogir gan drethi. Yng nghyd-destun datganoli gwariant yn Tsieina, rydym yn cynnig y ffederaliaeth gyllidol orau posibl i gydbwyso lles a thwf.

• Chen, X., Mi, H. a Zhou, P. 2023. Whether to decentralize and how to decentralize? The optimal fiscal federalism in an endogenous growth model. Applied Economics (10.1080/00036846.2023.2206629)
• Luintel, K., Matthews, K., Minford, L., Valentinyi, A. a Wang, B. 2020. The role of provincial government spending composition in growth and convergence in China. Economic Modelling 90, tt. 117-134. (10.1016/j.econmod.2020.04.024)
• Foreman-Peck, J. a Zhou, P. 2020. Devolving fiscal policy: migration and tax yields. Regional Studies 54(3), tt. 308-317. (10.1080/00343404.2019.1602256)
• Foreman-Peck, J. a Zhou, P. 2020. Welsh taxes. Welsh Economic Review 27, tt. 18-24. (10.18573/wer.254)
• Effaith ar bolisïau: Consultation on the impact of variations in national and sub-national income tax: Cyflwyniad i Bwyllgor Cyllid Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru gan James Foreman-Peck a Peng Zhou, Prifysgol Caerdydd, Ionawr 2020
• Effaith ar bolisïau: Pwyllgor Cyllid Senedd Cymru 4 Mawrth 2020
• Effaith ar bolisïau: 2019-2020, An assessment of the possibilities, scope and practicality of a land value tax for Wales, £9,289. Ariannwyd gan Blaid Cymru

Gweler hefyd: Dr Peng Zhou (Joe) - Datganoli

Nodau Datblygu Cynaliadwy (NDCau)

Sefydlodd y Cenhedloedd Unedig 17 Nod Datblygu Cynaliadwy (NDCau). Mae'r nodau hyn yn ymwneud â meithrin cytgord rhwng y natur ddynol a’r ymwneud rhwng pobl a’i gilydd. Rydym yn ymchwilio i rolau cyllid gwyrdd, anghydraddoldeb economaidd ac ymwybyddiaeth o gynaliadwyedd wrth gyflawni NDCau.

• Yang, X. a Zhou, P. 2022. Wealth inequality and social mobility: A simulation-based modelling approach. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 196, tt. 307-329. (10.1016/j.jebo.2022.02.012)
• Guo, D. a Zhou, P. 2021. Green bonds as hedging assets before and after COVID: a comparative study between the US and China. Energy Economics 104, rhif yr erthygl: 105696. (10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105696)
• Zhang, B., Zhang, Y. a Zhou, P. 2021. Consumer attitude towards sustainability of fast fashion products in the UK. Sustainability 13 (4), rhif yr erthygl: 1646.
• Minford, P., Wang, Y. a Zhou, P. 2020. Resolving the public-sector wage premium puzzle by indirect inference. Applied Economics 52(7), tt. 726-741. (10.1080/00036846.2019.1648748)
• (10.3390/su13041646)

Gweler hefyd: Dr Peng Zhou – Nwyddau Sylfaenol

Iechyd a Gofal Iechyd

Angen sylfaenol yw iechyd ac mae gofal iechyd yn wasanaeth hanfodol. Rydym yn ymchwilio i achosion ac effeithiau iechyd yn ogystal â fframweithiau gwerthuso gwasanaethau gofal iechyd.

• Matthews, K., Heravi, S., Morgan, P., Page, N., Shepherd, J. a Sivarajasingam, V. 2023. Alcohol prices, the April effect, and the environment, in violence-related injury in England and Wales. European Journal of Health Economics (10.1007/s10198-023-01583-w)
• Kalebic, N. et al. 2022. The all-Wales forensic adolescent consultation and treatment service (FACTS): A 5-year referral cohort study. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health 32(3) (10.1002/cbm.2244)
• Yun, Z., Zhou, P. a Zhang, B. 2022. High-performance work systems, thriving at work, and job burnout among nurses in Chinese public hospitals: The role of resilience at work. Healthcare 10 (10), rhif yr erthygl: 1935. (10.3390/healthcare10101935)
• Zhang, B. a Zhou, P. 2020. An economic evaluation framework for government-funded home adaptation schemes: a quantitative approach. Healthcare 8 (3), rhif yr erthygl: 345. (10.3390/healthcare8030345)
• Dai, L. a Zhou, P. 2020. The health issues of the homeless and the homeless issues of the ill-health. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences 69, rhif yr erthygl: 100677. (10.1016/j.seps.2018.12.004)
• Choudhury, M. et al. 2019. Association between HbA1c and the development of cystic fibrosis‐related diabetes. Diabetic Medicine 36 (10), tt. 1251-1255. (10.1111/dme.13912)

Effaith ar bolisïau: Adolygiad o addasiadau byw'n annibynnol, Llywodraeth Cymru 2015.

Effeithiolrwydd yn yr Ysgol

Mae’r deunydd sydd ar gael ar berfformiad mewn ysgolion hefyd yn codi cwestiynau ynghylch beth yw maint mwyaf effeithiol chweched dosbarth ysgolion a'r effaith negyddol bosibl ar gyrhaeddiad CA4 mewn ysgolion lle bydd chweched dosbarth bach yn cael ei ariannu hwyrach gan gyllidebau nad ydynt yn ymwneud â’r chweched dosbarth. Yng ngoleuni'r pryderon uchod, comisiynodd Llywodraeth Cymru ddadansoddiad o effaith maint chweched dosbarth ysgolion ar gyrhaeddiad addysgol disgyblion yng Nghyfnod Allweddol 5 (CA5), gan reoli ar gyfer sgoriau arholiadau dwy flynedd ynghynt (h.y. CA4).

• Effaith ar bolisïau: Effaith maint chweched dosbarth ysgolion ar gyrhaeddiad addysgol disgyblion yng Nghyfnod Allweddol 5, 2016 Llywodraeth Cymru

Economeg Ryngwladol

Yn yr economi fodern ceir system fasnachu fyd-eang, marchnad ariannol a marchnad lafur. Rydym yn ymchwilio i achosion ac effeithiau gweithgareddau economaidd y dimensiynau rhyngwladol hyn.

• Wei, H., Tu, Y. a Zhou, P. 2023. Technical barriers to trade and export performance: Comparing exiting and staying firms. Economic Modelling, rhif yr erthygl: 106439. (10.1016/j.econmod.2023.106439)
• Wei, H., Deng, L. a Zhou, P. 2023. The impact of globalization on domestic employment. Applied Economics 55(29), tt. 3390-3403. (10.1080/00036846.2022.2114998)
• Zhou, B., Zhang, Y. a Zhou, P. 2021. Multilateral political effects on outbound tourism. Annals of Tourism Research 88, rhif yr erthygl: 103184. (10.1016/j.annals.2021.103184)
• Guo, D. a Zhou, P. 2021. The rise of a new anchor currency in RCEP? A tale of three currencies. Economic Modelling 104, rhif yr erthygl: 105647. (10.1016/j.econmod.2021.105647)
• Foreman-Peck, J. a Zhou, P. 2015. Firm-level evidence for the language investment effect on SME Exporters. Scottish Journal of Political Economy 62 (4), tt. 351-377.

Gweler hefyd: The costs to the UK of language deficiencies as a barrier to UK engagement in exporting

Twf Economaidd

Mae datblygiad ariannol yn hanfodol ar gyfer twf economaidd yn yr oes fodern, ond siociau marwolaeth (dethol naturiol) a phatrymau priodasol (dethol teuluol) yw'r grymoedd sy'n gwthio cymdeithas ddynol o'r trap Malthusaidd. Mewn model sy’n dangos twf unedig empirig, mae Foreman-Peck a Zhou yn dangos i’r Chwyldro Diwydiannol gael ei sbarduno gan y trychinebau demograffig yn sgil y Pla Du.

• Zhang, B. a Zhou, P. 2021. Financial development and economic growth in a microfounded small open economy model. North American Journal of Economics and Finance 58, rhif yr erthygl: 101544. (10.1016/j.najef.2021.101544)
• Foreman-Peck, J. a Zhou, P. 2020. Fertility versus productivity: a model of growth with evolutionary equilibria. Journal of Population Economics 34, tt. 1073-1104. (10.1007/s00148-020-00813-2)
• Foreman-Peck, J. a Zhou, P. 2019. Response to Edwards and Ogilvie. Economic History Review 72 (4), tt. 1477-1450. (10.1111/ehr.12819)
• Foreman-Peck, J. a Zhou, P. 2018. Late marriage as a contributor to the Industrial Revolution in England. Economic History Review 71 (4), tt. 1073-1099. (10.1111/ehr.12651)
• Chen, X., Minford, A. P. L., Tian, K. a Zhou, P. 2017. Who provides the capital for Chinese growth: the public or the private sector?. Applied Economics 49(23), tt. 2238-2252. (10.1080/00036846.2016.1234704)
• Luintel, K B., Khan, M., Leon-Gonzalez, R. a Li, G. 2016. Financial development, structure and growth: new data, method and results. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money 43, tt. 95-112. (10.1016/j.intfin.2016.04.002)

Arian, Bancio a Chyllid

Bydd cylchoedd busnes modern yn cael eu hysgogi'n bennaf gan aflonyddwch cynhyrchiant (Clasurol Newydd), polisïau ariannol (Keynesaidd Newydd), a chylchoedd credyd (Monetariaeth Newydd). Rydym yn ceisio deall mecanweithiau micro a macro sy'n sail i gylchoedd busnes megis bancio cysgodol, y wasgfa gredyd, a rhyddfrydoli.

• Zhao, T., Luintel, K B. a Matthews, K. 2021. Soft information and the geography of SME bank lending. Regional Studies 55(4), tt. 679-692. (10.1080/00343404.2020.1851024)
• Wang, C., Le, V. P. M., Matthews, K. a Zhou, P. 2021. Shadow banking activity and entrusted loans in a DSGE model of China. Manchester School 89 (5), tt. 445-469. (10.1111/manc.12319)
• Dixon, H., Luintel, K. a Tian, K. 2020. The impact of the 2008 crisis on UK prices: what we can learn from the CPI microdata. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 82(6), tt. 1322-1341. (10.1111/obes.12373)
• Huang, J., Matthews, K a Zhou, P. 2020. What causes Chinese listed firms to switch bank loan provider? Evidence from a survival analysis. Emerging Markets Review 43, rhif yr erthygl: 100678. (10.1016/j.ememar.2020.100678)
• Zhou, P. a Dixon, H. 2019. The determinants of price rigidity in the UK: Analysis of the CPI and PPI microdata and application to macrodata modelling. Manchester School 87 (5), tt. 640-677. (10.1111/manc.12263)
• Luintel, K., Selim, S. a Bajracharya, P. 2017. Liberalization, bankers’ motivation and productivity: A simple model with an application. Economic Modelling 61, tt. 102-112. (10.1016/j.econmod.2016.11.017)

Technolegau Tarfol

Mae technolegau tarfol yn cyfeirio at ddatblygiadau arloesol neu ddatblygiadau sy'n newid yn sylweddol y ffordd y bydd cynnyrch yn cael ei greu, gwasanaethau'n cael eu darparu neu’r ffordd y bydd diwydiannau’n gweithio, gan arwain yn aml at drawsnewid sylweddol yn nhirwedd y farchnad bresennol. Rydym yn ymchwilio i’r ffordd y bydd technolegau torfol megis Deallusrwydd Artiffisial, blockchain a data mawr yn cael eu mabwysiadu a’u defnyddio yn ogystal â goblygiadau’r rhain.