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Electric Vehicle Centre of Excellence

We bring together experts from across Cardiff University to investigate and help address the remaining barriers to the widespread introduction of electric vehicles.

The Electric Vehicle Centre of Excellence (EVCE) at Cardiff University is a multi-disciplinary centre that is unique in academic electric vehicle (EV) research teams.

The EVCE offers a multi-disciplinary collective approach to understanding the impact of electrification on the future of mobility and the future of the industry. The EVCE addresses this complex challenge by conducting fundamental research, working with industry and other stakeholders.

We work on key transformative issues such as vehicle autonomous control, wireless charging of electric vehicles (dynamic charging on the road), user and traveller behaviours, and the modelling of transport systems, smart grids, energy demand scenarios for EVs, regulatory options, and consumer barriers and incentives. The EVCE demonstrates the strength, quality, and commitment of collaborative research within the area of sustainable transport at Cardiff University.

EVCE brings together experts from Cardiff University School of Engineering, Cardiff Business School’s Centre for Automotive Industry Research (CAIR), School of Computer Science and Informatics, School of Geography and Planning, and the School of Psychology to investigate and help address the remaining barriers to the widespread introduction of electric vehicles.

The centre has 10 core members and more than 20 associated members with a large network of researchers and PhD students. The members of the centre already received more than £20M for projects covering the electric vehicles research area, charging infrastructure, battery recycle, autonomous vehicles, analysis of the economic and business model innovation of future automobility and £8M for projects covering Smart Grids area.

Read about our work in this report from the National Centre for Universities and Business that showcases how collaborations between our universities and businesses are helping to meet COP26’s ambitious goals.

Research

The barriers preventing the widespread introduction of electric vehicles are often not just technological ones, but can be due to regulations, user or potential user attitudes.

There are also potential barriers due to the new relationships along the value chain that these new technologies bring with them. These include the transition needed within the existing automotive supply chain. The future of existing suppliers less secure (e.g. valves, pistons, camshafts), while new suppliers are not necessarily used to working with automotive clients (batteries, traction motors, ICT). But they also go beyond the conventional automotive supply chain where links with energy suppliers are now increasingly valued, while the move towards connected and autonomous vehicles also creates the need for new relationships and partnerships.

All three participating Schools have a track record in various aspects of the EV value chain, including areas such as smart grids, energy demand scenarios for EVs, regulatory options and incentives, consumer barriers and incentives.

All three Schools are among the top ranking in their disciplines in the UK, the Schools of Psychology and Business in the top ten, while in global rankings, the Business School was recently ranked within the top 100 and the School of Psychology in the top 40.

Book Chapters

Marmaras, E. Xydas, L. Cipcigan, O. Rana, F. Klugl , Electric Vehicles in Road Transport and Electric Power Networks, in Autonomic Road Transport Support Systems, pp.233-253, Springer, 2016

E.Xydas, C. Marmaras, L.Cipcigan, N.Jenkins, Chapter 5 Smart management of PEV charging enhanced by PEV load forecasting , in Electric Vehicles in Smart Grids, pp. 139-168, Springer Singapore, 2015

Paul Nieuwenhuis, Liana Cipcigan and Hasan Berkem Sonder, The Electric Vehicle Revolution, in Future Energy (Third Edition) Improved, Sustainable and Clean Options for our Planet, Ed: Trevor Letcher, ISBN: 9780081028865, Elsevier, 2020, pp 227-247.

Wells, P., and Nieuwenhuis, P. (2015) EV business models in a wider context: balancing change and continuity in the automotive industry, Chapter 1 pp3-16 in Beeton, D. and Meyer, G. (eds) Electric Vehicle Business Models – Global Perspectives, Heidelberg: Springer.

Wells, P. (2017) Transport Futures: Reconciling the on-demand economy with global production chains, Chapter 13 pp 315-332 in Pettit, S. and Beresford, A. (eds) International Freight Transport, London: Kogan Page.

Wells, P. (2015) Understanding change and difference, Chapter 2 pp 7-18 in Nieuwenhuis, P. and Wells, P. (eds) The global automotive industry, Chichester: John Wiley.

Wells, P. (2015) Alternatives to the car, Chapter 17 pp 199-206 in Nieuwenhuis, P. and Wells, P. (eds) The global automotive industry, Chichester: John Wiley.

Wells, P. (2015) New business models and the automotive industry, Chapter 18 pp 209-218 in Nieuwenhuis, P. and Wells, P. (eds) The global automotive industry, Chichester: John Wiley.

Wells, P., and Nieuwenhuis, P. (2015) The impacts of automobility, Chapter 13, pp 153-162 in Nieuwenhuis, P. and Wells, P. (eds) The global automotive industry, Chichester: John Wiley.

Wells, P. (2015) The market for new cars, Chapter 3 pp 19-28 in Nieuwenhuis, P. and Wells, P. (eds) The global automotive industry, Chichester: John Wiley.

Nieuwenhuis, P. and Wells, P. (2015) Introduction and overview, Chapter 1 pp 1-6 in Nieuwenhuis, P. and Wells, P. (eds) The global automotive industry, Chichester: John Wiley.

Conference Papers

Dominic Dattero Snell; Aaron Parkes; Thomas Edwards; Liana Cipcigan, Small Scale Multivariate Testing of Dynamic Wireless Charging, Published in: 2020 55th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), September 2020,

Sonder, Hasan B., Cipcigan, Liana and Ugalde-Loo, Carlos E. 2020. Integrating DC fast/rapid chargers in low voltage distribution networks. Presented at: Mediterranean Conference on Power Generation, Transmission, Distribution and Energy Conversion (MedPower 2020), Virtual, 9-12 November 2020.

Sonder, H. B., Cipcigan, L. and Ugalde Loo, C. 2019. Using electric vehicles and demand side response to unlock distribution network flexibility. Presented at: IEEE PES PowerTech Milano 2019, Milan, Italy, 23-27 June 2019.

William Seward, Ryan Huxtable, Bradley Beynon, Arnas Zvirblys, Nicolas Camacho-Hunt, Maurizio Albano, Liana Cipcigan, Modelling of Static Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging and its Impact on a Typical GB Distribution Network, UPEC 2019, Bucharest, Romania, 3-6 September, 2019

Hasan Berkem Sonder, Liana Cipcigan, Carlos E. Ugalde-Loo, Voltage Analysis on MV/LV Distribution Networks with the Integration of DC Fast Charger, 6th IEEE International Energy Conference (EnergyCon), 28 September – 1 October 2020, Tunisia

R. Oliyide, C. Marmaras, E. Xydas, L. Cipcigan. Estimating the True GHG Emissions Reduction Due to Electric Vehicles Integration, UPEC 2015, September 2015

Wells, P. (2020) Automobility futures and COVID-19: a socio-technical systems perspective, Presentation for the PLACE (virtual) seminar series, 22nd October.

Wells, P. (2020) Integrated mobility: a fundamentalist approach, Presentation to Oxford Institute for Energy Studies (OIES) Fourth (Virtual) Mobility Workshop, 13th October.

Wells, P. (2020) Automotive Business Model Evolution, Presentation to the Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel, Federal University of Brasilia, 6th May.

Wells, P. (2020) Creating the Automotive Business Model, Presentation to the Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel, Federal University of Brasilia, 30th April.

Wells, P. (2020) Automotive battery LCA: The issues, Presentation to the Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel, Federal University of Brasilia, 23rd April.

Markard, J.; Wells, P.; Lente, H. v.; and Yap, X. S., 2020. Unsustainable Transitions –A blind spot for transitions research? 11th IST Conference, Vienna, 18-21 August.

Wells, P., 2019. Automobility platforms, Presentation at FGV, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 14th November.

Wells, P., 2019. Future automobility, Presentation to the Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel, Federal University of Brasilia, 15th October.

Wells, P. and Wang, L., 2019. Competitive Constellations As Boundary-Bridging In Socio-Technical Transitions: An Automotive Industry Case Study, Paper presented at the 4th International Conference on New Business Models, Berlin, 1st to 3rd July.

Skeete, J-P; Heidrich, O; Mohammad, R.; Hill, G. and Wells, P., 2019. Cars, EVs and battery recycling forecasts and economic models, Paper presented at 10th International Conference on Industrial Ecology, Beijing, 7-11th July.

Projects

Period

Title

Amount

Sponsor

Investigators

2021

Opportunities from the consumer BEV market inflection point

£26,000

Grayling and Hitachi Capital (UK) PLC

P. Wells

L. Cipcigan

2021

Feasibility of using repurposed Li-ion batteries in stationary applications

£6,000

IAA

EPSRC

K. Stamatis

L. Cipcigan

2018-2021

Decarbonising Transport through Electrification, a Whole System Approach (DTE)

Visit the DTE website.

Read about the grant.

£915,858

£300,000

(project partners)

EPSRC

L. Cipcigan

C. Featherston

M. Haddad

J. Liang

O. Rana

P. Morgan

D. Potoglou

G. Santos

2018-2019

Electric Road System for Dynamic Charging of Electric Vehicles

£213,675

National Grid

L. Cipcigan

M. Haddad

2020-2023

Sustainable urban power supply through intelligent control and enhanced restoration of AC/DC networks

Read about the grant

£750,000

¥3m

EPSRC

J. Liang

L. Cipcigan

O. Rana

2020-2021

Low-cost electric Land Rovers for farmers and landowners

Read related news.

£82,875

Innovate UK

C. Featherston

L. Cipcigan

2018-2021

Recycling of Lithium Ion batteries (ReLib)

Visit the website.

£380,000

Faraday Institution (EPSRC)

P. Wells (CARBS)

2017-2020

STARS, Shared mobility opportunities And challenges for European cities

Visit the website.

£143,000

H2020

P. Wells (CARBS)

2020-2025

Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training Hub – Sustainable Transport

Visit the website.

£365,485

EPSRC

C. Featherston

L. Cipcigan

J. Liang

O. Rana

D. Potoglou

P.  Morgan

2018-2019

Creating demand for sustainable metals and minerals: The case of alternative fuelled vehicles and mobile phones

£28,077

Swedish Government

D. Potoglou

L. Whitmarsh

2020-2021

Integration of Electric Vehicles charging infrastructure with distribution grid: Global review, India’s gap analyses and way forward

International expert

£5,862

IIT Bombay with funding from Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)

L. Cipcigan

2018-2021

Transport Futures Research Network

Visit the website

£15,000

University Research Networks Fund

L. Whitmarsh

L. Cipcigan

2021

Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in UK

£5,000

UK Government

British Embassy Beijing

L. Cipcigan

P. Wells

J. Liang

2015-2017

Ebbs and Flows Energy Systems

£1.8M total value of the project

(in this project the first V2G unit was installed and tested in a domestic property)

Visit the website.

£345,145

EPSRC

Innovate UK

L. Cipcigan

O. Rana

2013-2016

eBRIDGE: empowering e-fleets for business and private purposes in cities

Visit the website.

£134,112

Intelligent Energy Europe -EC

L. Whitmarsh

L. Cipcigan

D. Xenias

2014-2017

I CVUE : Incentives for Clean Vehicles in Urban Europe

£145,516

Intelligent Energy Europe -EC

H. Davies

L. Cipcigan

G. Santos

2014-2017

MASTERING

Multi-Agent Systems and Secured coupling of Telecom and Energy Grids for Next Generation smart grid services

Visit the website.

£421,664

EC

ICT-Smart Energy Grids

M. Mourshed

Y. Rezgui

L. Cipcigan

Omer Rana

2015-

2016

Future balancing services for high levels of embedded electricity generation

Industrial Fellowship

£30,000

Royal Academy of Engineering

L. Cipcigan

2015

Energy Strategy and Policy

£10,000

National Grid

L. Cipcigan

2020

The Future of Fleet report

Visit the website.

£1,300

BP and LAUNCH Media

L. Cipcigan

2018- 2019

Adoption of Electric Buses in India

£13,970

Global Challenges Research Fund

D. Potoglou

2014-2017

Grid Economics, Planning and Business Models for Smart Electric Mobility

£314,000

EPSRC

N. Jenkins

J. Wu

L. Cipcigan

2012-2014

Smart Management of Electric Vehicles (SMEV)

£93,402

EPSRC

L. Cipcigan

2011-2012

Pathways – Electric Vehicle Value Chain, Bridging the gaps

£39,164

EPSRC

L. Cipcigan

P. Wells

2012-2013

Agent-based controllers for EVs and micro-generators

£5,699

Innovate UK

L. Cipcigan

2010-2013

Mobile Energy Resources in Grids of Electricity (MERGE)

£238,558

EC FP7

J. Ekanayake

N. Jenkins

L. Cipcigan

J. Wu

2010-2012

European network on electric vehicles and transferring expertise (ENEVATE)

£335,408

EC

INTERREG IVC

H. Davies

L. Cipcigan

P. Nieuwenhuis

Publications

Media and policy advice

Media activities

Prof. Peter Wells has been quoted in most of the leading English-language print, TV and radio outlets concerned with business over the years, including for example Wall Street Journal; Time Magazine; Financial Times; Bloomberg; New York Times; the Economist; the Engineer; all of the BBC TV and Radio channels (except Radio 3); and many more local or specialized outlets. Much of the radio and television work has been live on air, sometimes on location outside factories or other facilities.

I have been quoted extensively over the years in the more specialized industry press by journals such as Automotive News, Steel Times, Aluminium Today, Plastic and Rubber Weekly, etc.

Professor Peter Wells has contributed to an article which argues that Europe’s electric vehicle future is closer than ever before. (Automotive News Europe) January 2021.

Professor Peter Wells has commented on industry data showing British new car sales crashed to the lowest level for almost three decades in 2020, with demand ravaged by chronic coronavirus fallout and Brexit uncertainty. (International Business Times; RTL Today; Tech Xplore; Journal Auto; Zone Bourse; China Daily) January 2021

Professor Peter Wells has commented on reports that Hyundai is set to partner with Apple on the production of 400,000 self-driving electric vehicles. Amidst other partnerships rumoured with Tesla, Volkswagen and Chinese automakers, Wells said: “Which car manufacturer will be the first to ‘succumb’ to Apple becoming a foundry manufacturer, this is the biggest problem.” (12365 Auto; HX2 Car; Guba; East Money; Shanghai Securities News; Sina Finance) January 2021

Professor Peter Wells has commented on California-based startup Archer’s partnership with Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. Archer’s set to pursue volume production of its passenger eVTOL aircraft together with FCA’s supply chain and manufacturing expertise. “That expertise, in terms of being able to go into what is probably primarily an aerospace supply chain and kick it into shape, so to speak, to meet automotive-style standards and requirements I think will be a valuable asset,” Wells said. (eVTOL) January 2021

Professor Peter Wells has commented in an article about how Renault, Ford and Honda are looking to the past for electric vehicle inspiration. (Automotive News Europe) January 2021

Professor Peter Wells has commented in an article about Apple’s production of a self-driving car. He said: “Apple could usher in a new era in the car industry.” (Zing News; Bao Hom Nay; Bao Hai Duong) January 2021

Research from Dr Paul Nieuwenhuis and Professor Peter Wells has featured in an article about London-based electric vehicle (EV) manufacturer Arrival. (Autocar) January 2021

Professor Peter Wells has commented on the potential difficulties Apple may have in entering into the auto industry. Of the Technology company’s former relationship with car manufacturer BMW, he said: “BMW used to work with Apple for a while, but then it went nowhere. I think luxury brands can hardly work with Apple, partly because the corporate culture is so different. It is very difficult for two major brands to launch a product or service together.” (Zing News) February 2021

Professor Peter Wells has commented on motor power in electric vehicles. He said: “As is usually the case with ‘premium’ technology options in the automotive industry, we can expect a rapid transfer to the mass market arising from competitive pressures. In some cases, manufacturers have designed-in the ability to migrate from 400 volt to 800 volts as costs fall and as competitiveness comes to require such systems.” (DRIVEMODE; Youris) February 2021

Professor Peter Wells ha commented on Apple’s plans to create an Electric Vehicle. He said: “Making cars in large quantities is a real challenge that the tech giants will not want to face alone. It takes a lot of time and a huge amount of investment to be able to create a car model, not to mention a factory, building supply chains and distribution networks.” (ICT News; VietBao; NDH) February 2021

Professor Peter Wells appeared on South Korea TV to discuss the future of EV's. Watch the discussion.

Professor Peter Wells and Dr Dimitrios Xenias contributed to the following articles in the Evening Standard. Read about ebikes in London. Read about electric car ownership. Read about the UK learning from Norway.

Prof. Liana Cipcigan commented in an article on Telegraph about tidal-powered electric vehicle charger, 23 March 2021. Read about the tidal-powered charger.

Prof. Liana Cipcigan interviewed and featured on an article in E&T magazine of the Institution of Engineering and Technology titled "Are we Geared up for EVs?", 10 July 2020. Read the interview.

Prof. Liana Cipcigan was a member of the Business Leader panel “What will the car of the future look like?” and feature in the article in Business Leader Magazine, 30 July 2020. Read the magazine article.

Prof. Liana Cipcigan was interviewed and featured in an article in NewStatesman, "Why the government needs to drive the UK’s electric vehicle dream". Read the article. 

BBC news in “Leadership needed on EVs, say experts” 29 November 2018. Read the BBC story.

Prof. Liana Cipcigan was interviewed by The Engineer, Research network set to electrify UK transport system, 20 June 2019.  Read the interview in the Engineer.

Prof. Liana Cipcigan commented in an article published by Highways Industry, “Does the future look bright with the rise of electric vehicles?”, 12 November, 2019. Read the Highways Industry article.

Prof. Liana Cipcigan was interviewed in “Electric revolution and the struggle for power”, Express and Star, Nov 11, 2019.  Read the story in the Star.

Prof. Liana Cipcigan commented in “German e-cars still hampered by lack of charging stations” Deutsche Welle (DW), by Nik Martin, Germany, 8 August 2018.  Read the DW story.

Prof. Liana Cipcigan was interviewed, “Analysis: Switch to electric vehicles would add just 10% to UK power demand”, Carbon Brief with Dr Simon Evans Policy Editor, 27 July 2017. Read the Carbon Brief interview.

Advising policy makers

Prof. Liana Cipcigan gave evidence to Economy, Infrastructure and Skills Committee “Electric Vehicles charging in Wales” (2018) National Assembly for Wales. Read the documents and committee evidence.

Prof. Liana Cipcigan was an invited expert at House of Lords “Shaping the Future of EVs, debating the EV Bill” roundtable (2018).

Prof. Liana Cipcigan gave evidence to The Committee on Climate Change, Reducing emissions from transport, open meeting Cardiff, 23 November 2018 (Twitter @theCCCuk 23 Nov 2018)

Electric Vehicle Centre of Excellence members provided recommendations to the Welsh Ministry for Economy, Science and Transport in the “Low Carbon Vehicles” (2016) report. Read the report.

Electric Vehicle Centre of Excellence experts participated in Low Carbon Vehicles Steering Group at Welsh Government. Read the published report.

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