Dr Georgina Santos

Senior Lecturer

: santosg@cardiff.ac.uk
: +44 (0)29 2087 4462
: Room 2.95, Adeilad Morgannwg, Rhodfa’r Brenin Edward VII, Caerdydd, CF10 3WA

: Sylwebydd y cyfryngau
: Ar gael fel goruchwyliwr ôl-raddedig

Georgina Santos is an economist interested in environmental and transport economics and policy, and more recently, in gender studies. She has conducted research on environmental taxes for air and road transport and on delays at airports and traffic congestion on roads.

Georgina holds a first degree in Economics from Universidad Nacional del Sur (Argentina), an MSc in Environmental and Resource Economics from University College London and a PhD in Economics from Cambridge University. After completing her PhD, Georgina held a British Academy Post-Doctoral Fellowship in the Faculty of Economics at Cambridge University, jointly with a Junior Research Fellowship in Wolfson College. This was followed by a Departmental Lectureship at the Transport Studies Unit, in the School of Geography and the Environment at Oxford University. Georgina was also one of the first six fellows at the Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment at Oxford University, before she moved to Cardiff University. Georgina’s research has been funded by the European Commission, the European Regional Development Fund, the British Academy, Shell, the ESRC and the then UK Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions.

She has taught undergraduate and graduate students at Cambridge, Oxford and Cardiff, and supervised tens of dissertations at all levels. The courses she has taught in the past or currently teaches include sustainable development, development geographies, transport and the environment, transport economics, environmental economics, development economics, urban economics, and research methods, both quantitative and qualitative. At Cardiff she was nominated for the ‘Enriching Student Life Award’ on three consecutive years (2014-15, 2015-16, and 2016-17).

Georgina is the Editor-in-Chief of Research in Transportation Economics and a member of the Editorial Board of Transport Policy. She is also a member of the Scientific Committee of the WCTR, where she co-chairs the Special Interest Group on Pricing and Regulation. She was also a member of the Congestion Pricing Committee (2005 to 2016), and of the Transportation Economics Committee (2005 to 2013) of the Transportation Research Board of the National Academies in the US.

She has also reviewed grant applications for the ESRC, the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, the Mountain-Plains Consortium in the US and the World Bank. She also regularly acts as a reviewer for academic journals, including Urban Studies, Transportation, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, International Journal of Transport Management, Transport Policy, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Transport Reviews, Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, International Tax and Public Finance, Economic Journal, Ecological Economics, International Journal of Transport Economics, International Journal of Sustainable Transportation and Atmospheric Environment.

Google Scholar Citations

Qualifications

PhD in Economics, Downing College, University of Cambridge
Master of Science in Environmental and Resource Economics, University College London
Licenciate in Economics, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Argentina

Career

School of Geography and Planning, Cardiff University, Senior Lecturer, August '15 - present
School of Geography and Planning, Cardiff University, University Lecturer, July '10 to July '15
Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment and Transport Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Research Fellow, October '08 to June '10
School of Geography and the Environment and Transport Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Departmental Lecturer, September '04 to June '10
Department of Applied Economics, University of Cambridge, British Academy Post-Doctoral Fellow, held together with a Junior Research Fellowship at Wolfson College, September '01 to August '04
Newnham College, University of Cambridge, College Lecturer, October '01 to June '02
Department of Applied Economics, University of Cambridge, Research Assistant, October '97 to August '01
Department of Economics, University of Southampton, Research Assistant, October '96 to December '96

External Activity

Editor-in-Chief of Research in Transportation Economics
Member of the Editorial Board of Transport Policy
Member of the World Conference of Transport Research Society Scientific Committee
Member of the Social Sciences Panel of the Newton International Fellowships of the British Academy
Co-Chair of the WCTR Special Interest Group on Pricing and Regulation

2021

Santos, G. and Caranzo, A. 2021. Potential distributional impacts of road pricing: a case study. Case Studies on Transport Policy (10.1016/j.cstp.2021.07.015)
Santos, G. and Nikolaev, N. 2021. Mobility as a service and public transport: a rapid literature review and the case of moovit. Sustainability 13(7), article number: 3666. (10.3390/su13073666)
Santos, G. and Rembalski, S. 2021. Do electric vehicles need subsidies in the UK?. Energy Policy 149, article number: 111890. (10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111890)

2020

Lindsey, R. and Santos, G. 2020. Addressing transportation and environmental externalities with economics: Are policy makers listening?. Research in Transportation Economics 82, article number: 100872. (10.1016/j.retrec.2020.100872)
Santos, G. and Davies, H. 2020. Incentives for quick penetration of electric vehicles in five European countries: perceptions from experts and stakeholders. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 137, pp. 326-342. (10.1016/j.tra.2018.10.034)
Santos, G., Hagan, A. and Lenehan, O. 2020. Tackling traffic congestion with workplace parking levies. Sustainability 12(6), article number: 2200. (10.3390/su12062200)

2019

Santos, G. and Dang Van Phu, S. 2019. Gender and academic rank in the UK. Sustainability 11(11), article number: 3171. (10.3390/su11113171)
Quarmby, S., Santos, G. and Mathias, M. 2019. Air quality strategies and technologies: A rapid review of the international evidence.. Sustainability 11(10), article number: 2757. (10.3390/su11102757)

2018

Santos, G. 2018. Sustainability and shared mobility models. Sustainability 10(9), article number: 3194. (10.3390/su10093194)

2017

Santos, G. 2017. Road transport and CO2 emissions: What are the challenges?. Transport Policy 59, pp. 71-74. (10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.06.007)
Santos, G. 2017. Road fuel taxes in Europe: Do they internalize road transport externalities?. Transport Policy 53, pp. 120-134. (10.1016/j.tranpol.2016.09.009)
Mathisen, A.et al. 2017. Airport charges - interactions between airlines and airports.. In: Bitzan, J. D. and Peoples, J. H. eds. The Economics of Airport Operations - Advances in Airline Economics. Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited, pp. 213-234., (10.1108/S2212-160920170000006009)

2015

Lui, J. and Santos, G. 2015. Decarbonising the road transport sector: breakeven point and consequent potential consumers’ behaviour for the US case. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 9(3), pp. 159-175. (10.1080/15568318.2012.749962)
Liu, J. and Santos, G. 2015. The plug-in hybrid electric vehicles potential for urban transport in China: the role of energy sources and utility factors. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 9(2), pp. 145-157. (10.1080/15568318.2012.738776)

2014

Jørgensen, F. and Santos, G. 2014. Charges on transport – To what extent are they passed on to users?. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 69, pp. 183-195. (10.1016/j.tra.2014.08.006)
Duran-Fernandez, R. and Santos, G. 2014. Road infrastructure spillovers on the manufacturing sector in Mexico. Research in Transportation Economics 46, pp. 17-29. (10.1016/j.retrec.2014.09.002)
Duran-Fernandez, R. and Santos, G. 2014. A regional model of road accessibility in Mexico: accessibility surfaces and robustness analysis. Research in Transportation Economics 46, pp. 55-69. (10.1016/j.retrec.2014.09.005)
Duran-Fernandez, R. and Santos, G. 2014. A GIS model of the national road network in Mexico. Research in Transportation Economics 46, pp. 36-54. (10.1016/j.retrec.2014.09.004)
Duran-Fernandez, R. and Santos, G. 2014. Regional convergence, road infrastructure, and industrial diversity in Mexico. Research in Transportation Economics 46, pp. 103-110. (10.1016/j.retrec.2014.09.007)
Pertuiset, T. and Santos, G. 2014. Primary auction of slots at European airports. Research in Transportation Economics 45, pp. 66-71. (10.1016/j.retrec.2014.07.009)
Santos, M. E. and Santos, G. 2014. Composite indices of development. In: Currie-Alder, B. et al. eds. International Development: Ideas, Experience, and Prospects. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 133-150., (10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199671656.001.0001)
Duran-Fernandez, R. and Santos, G. 2014. An empirical approach to public capital, infrastructure, and economic activity: a critical review. Research in Transportation Economics 46, pp. 3-16. (10.1016/j.retrec.2014.09.001)
Duran-Fernandez, R. and Santos, G. 2014. Gravity, distance, and traffic flows in Mexico. Research in Transportation Economics 46, pp. 30-35. (10.1016/j.retrec.2014.09.003)

2013

Santos, G.et al. 2013. Factors influencing modal split of commuting journeys in medium-size European cities. Journal of Transport Geography 30, pp. 127-137. (10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.04.005)

2011

Verhoef, E. and Santos, G. 2011. Road congestion pricing. In: De Palma, A. et al. eds. Handbook of Transport Economics. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 561-585.

2010

Santos, G. and Robin, M. 2010. Determinants of delays at European airports. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 44(3), pp. 392-403. (10.1016/j.trb.2009.10.007)
Santos, G.et al. 2010. Part I: Externalities and economic policies in road transport. Research in Transportation Economics 28(1), pp. 2-45. (10.1016/j.retrec.2009.11.002)
Santos, G., Behrendt, H. and Teytelboym, A. 2010. Part II: Policy instruments for sustainable road transport. Research in Transportation Economics 28(1), pp. 46-91. (10.1016/j.retrec.2010.03.002)
Santos, G. 2010. Introduction [Editorial]. Research in Transportation Economics 28(1), pp. 1-1. (10.1016/j.retrec.2010.02.001)
Santos, G. 2010. Peak loads. In: Button, K., Vega, H. and Nijkamp, P. eds. A Dictionary of Transport Analysis. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 300-302.

2008

Mendes, L. M. Z. and Santos, G. 2008. Using economic instruments to address emissions from air transport in the European Union. Environment and Planning A 40(1), pp. 189-209. (10.1068/a39255)
Santos, G. 2008. London congestion charging. In: Burtless, G. and Rothenberg Pack, J. eds. Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs. Washington: Brookings Institution Press, pp. 177-234.
Santos, G. 2008. The London congestion charging scheme: 2003-2006. In: Richardson, H. and Bae, C. eds. Congestion pricing in the United Kingdom: Implications for the United States. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 159-175.
Santos, G. 2008. The London experience. In: Verhoef, E. et al. eds. Pricing in Road Transport: A Multi-disciplinary Perspective. Edward Elgar, pp. 273-292., (10.4337/9781848440258.00022)

2000

Santos, G. 2000. Road Pricing on the Basis of Congestion Costs: Consistent Results from Two Historic U.K. Towns. Transportation Research Record 1732(1), pp. 25-31. (10.3141/1732-03)
Santos, G., Rojey, L. and Newbery, D. 2000. The environmental benefits from road pricing. Working paper. Department of Applied Economics, University of Cambridge.

1999

Newbery, D. M. and Santos, G. 1999. Road taxes, road user charges and earmarking. Fiscal Studies 20(2), pp. 103-132. (10.1111/j.1475-5890.1999.tb00006.x)

Group Membership and Centre Affiliation

Member of Spatial Analysis Research Group
Associate member of Sustainable Places Research Institute, Cardiff University

Interests / Areas of Expertise

Georgina is interested in environmental and transport economics and policy. She has conducted research on the internalisation of transport externalities, with a focus on air pollution, global warming, and traffic congestion; low carbon vehicle/fuel technologies and consumers' choice and modal split. More recently she has become interested in development geographies and gender studies, with a focus on gender and academic progression.