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Shaun Tougher

Professor Shaun Tougher

Professor of Late Roman and Byzantine History

School of History, Archaeology and Religion

Overview

Research interests

  • History of the later Roman and Byzantine empires
  • Byzantium's Macedonian dynasty
  • Eunuchs in the Byzantine empire
  • The history of eunuchs in general
  • The Emperor Julian the Apostate
  • The dynasty of Constantine the Great
  • The family in Byzantium

Research projects

  • Emperor and Author: the Writings of Julian the Apostate
  • The Byzantine Family: the Case of the Macedonian Dynasty
  • Eunuchs of the Roman Empire
  • In the Shadows of Constantine and Julian: The Roman Empire AD 337–361

Publication

2022

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

2015

2013

2012

2010

2009

  • Tougher, S. F. 2009. After iconoclasm (850-886). In: Shepard, J. ed. The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c. 500-1492. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 292-304.

2008

2007

  • Tougher, S. F. 2007. Julian the Apostate. Debates and Documents in Ancient History. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

2006

  • Tougher, S. F. 2006. 'The angelic life': monasteries for eunuchs. In: Jeffreys, E. ed. Byzantine Style, Religion and Civilization: In Honour of Sir Steven Runciman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 238-252.

2005

2004

2002

2000

1999

  • Tougher, S. F. 1999. Ammianus and the eunuchs. In: Drijvers, J. W. and Hunt, D. eds. The Late Roman World and its Historian: Interpreting Ammianus Marcellinus. London: Routledge, pp. 64-73.
  • Tougher, S. F. 1999. Michael III and Basil the Macedonian: just good friends?. Presented at: 31st Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, Brighton, UK, March 1997 Presented at James, L. ed.Desire and denial in Byzantium: papers from the 31st Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton, March 1997. Publications (Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies (Great Britain)) Vol. 6. Aldershot: Ashgate pp. 149-158.

1998

1997

1996

1994

  • Tougher, S. F. 1994. The wisdom of Leo VI. Presented at: Twenty-sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St Andrews, UK, March 1992 Presented at Magdalino, P. ed.New Constantines: the rhythm of imperial renewal in Byzantium, 4th-13th centuries: papers from the Twenty-sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St Andrews, March 1992. Publications (Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies (Great Britain)) Vol. 2. Aldershot: Ashgate pp. 171-179.

Articles

Book sections

Books

Conferences

  • Tougher, S. F. 1999. Michael III and Basil the Macedonian: just good friends?. Presented at: 31st Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, Brighton, UK, March 1997 Presented at James, L. ed.Desire and denial in Byzantium: papers from the 31st Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton, March 1997. Publications (Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies (Great Britain)) Vol. 6. Aldershot: Ashgate pp. 149-158.
  • Tougher, S. F. 1998. The imperial thought-world of Leo VI: the non-campaigning emperor of the ninth century. Presented at: Thirtieth Spring Symposium of Byzantine studies, Birmingham, UK, March 1996 Presented at Brubaker, L. ed.Byzantium in the ninth century: dead or alive?: papers from the thirtieth Spring Symposium of Byzantine studies, Birmingham, March 1996. Publications (Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies (Great Britain)) Vol. 5. Aldershot: Ashgate pp. 51-60.
  • Tougher, S. F. 1994. The wisdom of Leo VI. Presented at: Twenty-sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St Andrews, UK, March 1992 Presented at Magdalino, P. ed.New Constantines: the rhythm of imperial renewal in Byzantium, 4th-13th centuries: papers from the Twenty-sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St Andrews, March 1992. Publications (Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies (Great Britain)) Vol. 2. Aldershot: Ashgate pp. 171-179.

Research

Projects

Emperor and Author: the Writings of Julian the Apostate

Whilst the life and reign of Julian the last pagan Roman emperor (361–363) has been much studied, his own writings (e.g. panegyrics; speeches; hymns; satires; letters) have not been subjected to sufficient study in their own right. This project aims to address this gap in Julian studies. The main aim of the project is to hold a conference at which speakers will address all of Julian's writings, each speaker taking an individual text or set of texts. The proceedings of this conference will be published.

The Byzantine Family: the Case of the Macedonian Dynasty

Compared to its Greek and Roman antecedents the Byzantine family has been inadequately studied. This project intends to consider the nature of the Byzantine family through the case of the imperial family of the Macedonians, from Basil I in the ninth century to Zoe in the eleventh. It will result in the first monograph devoted to the dynasty as a whole. The main aim of the project is to produce a monograph on the Macedonian Dynasty. However the aim is also to encourage wider research into the Byzantine family. A strand on the subject has already been organised for the IMC at Leeds in July 2007.

Eunuchs of the Roman Empire

In recent years there has been a dramatic rise in interest in the subject of eunuchs in world history. Eunuchs who have received particular attention are those of the Chinese and Byzantine empires, the castrati singers, the Christian Skoptsy of Russia, and the Hijras of modern India. Much of this interest has stemmed from the flourishing of gender studies as an academic discipline. There clearly exists also a more widespread and popular fascination with the subject of eunuchs, which has led to the publication of some more general books, such as Scholz's Eunuchs and Castrati: A Cultural History (2001). These general books can however be problematic, as sometimes the expertise of the author is not sufficient to provide a reliable or critical guide to such a broad range of history. As yet no book has focused exclusively on Roman eunuchs. This projects aims to fill the gap. As the reaction to the recent discovery of the skeleton of a Roman eunuch at Catterick demonstrates, there is a huge general interest in the subject: there was extensive media coverage, including an item on Richard and Judy on Channel 4. A number of important academic books and articles on Roman eunuchs do exist, but they focus on individual groups or aspects, such as the self-castrating priests of the goddess Cybele (known as the Galli) (e.g. Mary Beard), Favorinus the intersex sophist from Gaul (e.g. Maud Gleason), the powerful court eunuchs of the later Roman empire (e.g. Keith Hopkins), and the place of castration in early Christianity (e.g. Walter Stevenson). The only general sustained treatment of Roman eunuchs is in Peter Guyot's Eunuchen als Sklaven und Freigelassene in der griechisch-römischen Antike (1980). Thus there is ample scope for an accessible and wide-ranging treatment of Roman eunuchs in a single volume. The main aim of the project is to produce a monograph on eunuchs in the Roman empire (3rd century BC to 6th century AD).

Research groups

Centre For Late Antique Religion & Culture (CLARC)

This centre promotes and supports the study of late antique religion and culture from the late Hellenistic Period to the early Middle Ages, also in relation to earlier and later periods, in particular Classical Antiquity and the modern world.

Teaching

Undergraduate

Postgraduate

Research supervision

I am currently supervising a PhD on baths and bathing in Late Antiquity. I would welcome supervising PhDs on topics in late Roman and Byzantine social and political history; I have particular expertise in Julian the Apostate, Byzantium's Macedonian dynasty, and eunuchs.

Biography

Education and qualifications

198488 First Class BA (Hons) in Ancient History and Byzantine Studies, The Queen's University of Belfast

198894 PhD, University of St Andrews (The Reign of Leo VI, 886–912)

Career overview

2007– Senior Lecturer in Ancient History, Cardiff School of History, Archaeology and Religion, Cardiff University (2007–2010 Head of Ancient History)

1997–2007 Lecturer in Ancient History, Cardiff School of History and Archaeology, Cardiff University

1995–97 Lecturer in Byzantine Studies, School of Greek, Roman and Semitic Studies, The Queen's University of Belfast

1994–95 Honorary Lecturer in the Department of Ancient History, University of St Andrews

1993–94 Tutor in the Department of Ancient History, University of St Andrews

1991–93 Teaching Assistant in the Department of Greek and Latin, The Queen's University of Belfast